Apparatus or machine for making and cooking wafer biscuits, cup wafers, cornets, and the like



Oct. 13 1925.

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f 4 sheets-sheet 2 Oct. 13, 1925- APPARATUS OR MACHINE FOR 'MAKING AND COOKING WAFER BISCUITS,

CUP WAFERS, CORNETS, AND THE LIKE Vfl Oct. 13, 1925 1,557,004

T. O. BATES APPARATUS OR MACHINE FOR MAKING AND COOKING WAFEH BISCUITS,

CUP WAFERS, CORNETS, AND THE LIKE Filed Deo. 9. 1924` 4-Sheets-Sheet 3 lq I3 1- l. l \\\\\\\'.n\v^\\\\\\\'AvA\\\v' LVII' a. 5. x y ,f

. T. O. BATES APPARATUS on uAbHIN Foa MAKING .AND cooxms wAFER Brscurrs,

UP wAFERs, conNETs, AND THB LIKE Filed Deaf:` 9. ,1924 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Patented Oct. 13, 1925.

UNITED STATES 'PATENT OFFICE.'

THQIAS CWEN BATES, F LIVERPOOL, ENGLAND.

APPARATUS 0R MACHINE FOR MAKING- COOKIN-G WASFEB BISCUITS, CUP WASE'ERS. CORNETS, ANDTEE LIKE.

Application led December 9, 1924. Serial Ito. 754,838.

` To all 'whoml it may concern.'

Beit known that I, THOMAS OWEN BATES, a subject of the King of England, and residing at Liverpool, in the county of Lancaster, England, have invented Improvements in and connected with apparatus or machines for making and cooking wafer biscuits, cup wafers, cornets, and the like, oi' which the following is a specification.

Thisinvention has reference to apparatus or machinery for making or cooking wafer biscuits, cup wafers, cornets, or other articles, from batter or liquid material, which is introduced between plates which are subject to heat, and the articles are so cooked; and it relates more especially (but not exclusively) to machines of this kind having a plurality of sets of plates (one of which is movable on a hinge in relation to the other), on carriages which are connected together in end1essarrangement and travel a course, say one which is a horizontal, and semi-circular at each end, or circular over an endless track. In some cases, the movable plate will be opened and closed by an automatic means, such as cams or the like, when they come to the position in which the cooking of the articles will be complete, and are removed from the plates, and the plates rezlliarged with a fresh charge of batter or the The plates according to this invention are heated `by electricity by electrically heated elements or units, and these heating elements or units are held on the outside surfaces of the two plates proper, which it may be assumed both consist of a single metal plate; and these plates with the electrical heating elements, are carried by carriers or carrier frames, which in an endless travelling kind of cooking machine are provided with wheels or mounted on wheeled or rollered carriages, which run on the machine tracks.

The plates may be lagged outside with suitable materialbeing a non-conductor of heat, and which may extend practically for the whole area of the back of the plates; and the lagging may be extended to and carried round or over the outside edges of the plates roper. I

F er to tlns invention, the plates proper of wa er biscuit or like article o'r cooking machines areadJustable in -relation to their carriers, and truly in 'machine fitted with relation to the other plate, this being e'ected by screw studs passed through and supported in lugs or brackets or partsof or onl the carrier of the plate, andnuts on either `side of same; and these parts through which the screws pass may project out fromthe back A or outside of same, and the securing nuts fitted below and above the brackets, so that the adjustment can be easily eifected from outside the frame.

The other plate can be secured to its carrier by screws or screw studs or the like.

The actual cooking plates, as stated, are simple metal plates, and to them a 'multiplicity of electrical heating elements, (which if desired ma have thin ribs or partitions between them or units are secured.

Electric current may be supplied to the electrical units of the plates by movable arms and rollers or rubbing contacts on the plates,

which bear on stationary electric conductors' on the machine, and arranged along the path of travel of the plates; or it maybesupplied through, or by parts'of the tracks on A which the wheels of the plate carriages run.

The invention is the apcpmanying rawmgs, 1n w 1gure 1s a. spide elevation showing an endless travelling plates accordin to this invention; Figure 2 1s a plan, and i an end elevation of a machine of the kind referred to according to this invention; Figures 4 and 5 show 1n detail a construction of one form of electrically heated plates according to the invention; and Figure 6 is a `detail showing the plate adjusting arrangement.

' Referring to the the main side frames of the machine, ving in them railways 2 as usual, in which wheels 3 of the lower carrier of the lower pilates are su andrun,anditmay aumed e o and closing of the lates is efected eiteher y hand, or automatiixally, in any of the well known ways.

The heating plates proper are marked 4, and their earner frames 5; andthese frames as in the ordinary construction ofsuch machines, are connected together by hinge lugs 6,andahingepin'?attlmeirbacll: about which the upper plate 1s mo in o and osmg.

from the framesl by the-wheels 3 lon lower carrier frames are supported projecting axles 8 in the usual way; and the adjacent axles of the successive plates are connected together b the links 9.

The electrically eated plates are .constructed according to one arrangement as shown in detail in Figures 4 and 5.

The heating plate proper is heated by a multi licity of heating elements 10, closely assem led in the plate, and each consisting of mica or like strip 10* of insulating material, round which the resistance wire 10Xx of the unit or element is wound; and between the `element and the plate 4, is another strip of mica, and then above it, and between it 'and the metal covers 11, is another strip of mica; and in the case'shown these devices are held down firmly in position bymeans of screws 12`screwing into the plate 4, and bymeans of washers 13; pressing on to thebacks of the bars 11. These-sets of elements and their holding devices, are VTar-v ranged in,` pluralityon the plate, and are4 als enclosed within aI covering 14, which is held on to the plate b screws or anysuitable means; and the W ole plate arrangement is carried from the carrier frames 5 by three screw studs 15 ixedbn the back or cover 14, and passing through the inner lugs or webs 16 on the inner part of the carrier frames, which otherwise may be open, and b means of which the plates can be adjusts as and for the purposes herein described.

Electric current is conducted to the lower and upper plates 4 from endless copper o-r other rails 18, which are carried from and within the frames 1 by'brackets 19 supported on cross rames-20; and .these endless conductor bars are connected up with the su ply and return conductors 21 in any suitab e way, say as shown in Figure 3.

Current is taken from the bars 18 by con-` tacts or brushes 2 2 carried cil-1 brackets or arms A23 attached to the bottoms of the lower plate frames 5, from which they areA suit-` ably insulated; and current is passed up to the elements of the plates 4,.from` one of the brackets 23, and then through the elements, and from this lower frame and plate, it is' conducted fby means of plates 24 attached to the frames 5, up "to the elements of the upper movable plate 4, and thence by the latesl 5, similar to 24, at the other side of t e cook' g plates it is conducted back from the upper plate and frame to the return bracket 23.

The arrows in the drawingindicate the f course of the current.

The two sets of'plates 24-and 25 are inl sulated from the frames 5 to which they are fastened at the ends, and they are connected together by a hinge connection at 26, as

shown inthe drawin s, which are formed conductor of heat, and this lagging may extend to and carry round or over the outside edges of both the cover and the plates 4 if desired.

With regard to the adjustment of vthe upper plate 4 from its carrier frame 5, there are nuts 28 on each side of the lugs 16; and thus, by turning the nuts, the studs or screws 15, are movedv in one direction or the other,

and the exact required .adjustment of the distance between' the two plates 4, when clod, can be obtained, and the surfaces of these 4J.plates made perfectly parallel.

Tlfe other plate 4 can be carriedfrom its carrier 5 by three permanent screws 15.

The heating elements 10 are disposed closely together on the plate 4, so that the plate will be heated practically all over unior'inly; uniformity of temperature of diifer` ent arts of the plate being an important con ition for the proper cooking and production of articles.

In some cases, -a switch is-used in connection with the different plates or each plate, say on the end of the hinged joint of the plates, by which an attendant can switch off current either wholly or more or less from any particular plate or'plates should they be too hot.

What is claimed is An electrically heated plate for apparatus or machines for making or cooking wafer biscuits, cup'wafers, cornets or Vother confections, the combination of a plate proper, a plurality of separate flat heatmg elements, each consisting of a thin sheet of insulating material wound with a wire conductor, metal strips on the hinge side of the plates having 

